动静干涉下低压涡轮非定常气动载荷研究
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V231.3;TK471;TH47

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国家自然科学基金资助项目(51875194);湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(2020JJ4306)


Unsteady Aerodynamic Loads of Low-Pressure Turbine Under Rotor-Stator Interaction
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    摘要:

    为研究动静干涉下轴向间距和尾缘锯齿结构对低压涡轮叶片非定常气动载荷的控制作用,对高效节能发动机(energy efficient engine,简称E3)低压涡轮最后一级的内部流场进行了数值仿真,研究了不同轴向间距和静叶尾缘锯齿结构两种情况下,下游动叶表面非定常气动载荷的变化规律。研究发现:增大轴向间距可以加强尾迹与主流的掺混,消除气流不均匀性,削弱下游动叶表面的非定常气动载荷;静叶采用尾缘锯齿结构不仅可以加强尾迹与主流的掺混,同时还会改变尾缘处的涡结构,对下游动叶前缘产生破坏性干涉效应,使其最大载荷波动降低约30%,减少静叶尾迹速度亏损75.7 m/s,还能适当提升涡轮的流通能力和时均效率。与采用直尾缘静叶的模型相比,采用锯齿尾缘静叶不仅能大幅度地改善涡轮的转静干涉效应和气动性能,还能在不影响涡轮效率的前提下,将涡轮轴向间距缩短10%。

    Abstract:

    In order to study the control effects of axial gap and trailing edge serrated structure on the unsteady aerodynamic loads of low-pressure turbine blades under rotor-stator interaction, the internal flow field of the last stage of the E3 low-pressure turbine is numerically simulated. The variation regularity of unsteady aerodynamic loads on the down-stream rotor blade surface is studied by changing axial gaps and adopting serrated trailing edge stator. The following facts are revealed: the unsteady aerodynamic loads on the rotor blades surface can be inhibited when increasing the axial gaps, because the blending of the wake and the mainstream can be enhanced with the increasing of the axial gaps, which results that the non-uniformity of the airflow is eliminated; the stator trailing edge serrated structure can not only strengthen the blending of the wake and the mainstream, but also change the vortex structure at the trailing edge, which will cause a destructive interference effect on the leading edge of the downstream rotor blades, lower its maximum load fluctuation by about 30%, reduce the speed loss in wake by 75.7 m/s, and improve the circulation capacity and time-averaged efficiency of turbine. Compared with the straight trailing edge stator, the serrated trailing edge stator blades can not only improve the rotor-stator interference effects and aerodynamic performance greatly, but also shorten the axial gaps of turbine by 10% without loss of the turbine efficiency.

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  • 在线发布日期: 2020-10-27
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