The gun is a multi-field coupling complex system， and its launching process has the characteristics of transient and strong impact. The gun vibration takes important effect on firing accuracy， and therefore it becomes the focus of the study of artillery engineering. In recent years， modern artillery design theories and methods such as gun multi-body system dynamics， nonlinear dynamic finite element， multi-objective and multidisciplinary optimization and uncertainty have been proposed to model， simulate and optimize the gun system composed of significant components， e. g. the recoil parts， carriages， chassis and the connection relationship between components， so as to reduce muzzle vibration， improve shooting stability and shooting safety. This paper summarizes and discusses the achievements in gun vibration and system optimization， projectile-barrel coupling， gun uncertainty analysis and optimization. Finally， the problems existing in the field of gun vibration and the application prospect of gun vibration and control are put forward.