基于无源自振抑制的小盲区超声测距方法
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TB551

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国家自然科学基金资助项目(51375327);山西省攻关资助项目(20140321018-02)


Research of Small Blind Zone Ultrasonic Ranging Method Based on Natural Vibration Restraining
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    摘要:

    防水型收发一体超声波测距换能器所需驱动功率大,激励源去除后产生的无源自振导致了较大的测距盲区,高达30 cm,限制了工程应用范围,对此提出了一种可显著减弱无源自振的方法。首先,建立换能器等效电路模型,分析了无源自振产生机理,在此基础上设计出以场效应管为核心的无源自振抑制换能器驱动电路;然后,由于设计的无源自振抑制电路回波信号较弱,进而设计背景噪声阻断电路与脉冲信号叠加电路以增加回波灵敏度,并通过检测脉冲信号叠加电路输出曲线的上拐点准确估计回波时间点。试验研究表明,该方法显著地抑制了无源自振,并可将测距盲区限制在16 cm附近。该项研究扩大了超声波测距的工程应用范围,具有较大的应用价值。

    Abstract:

    The driving power of the waterproof transmit-receive ultrasonic ranging transducer is relatively large. The natural vibration of the transducer leads to a blind distance as long as 30 cm, limiting its engineering applicationswhen the excitation source is removed. In this paper, a method that can markedly reduce the natural vibration is presented. First, the equivalent circuit model is established, and the generation mechanism of natural vibration is analyzed. A natural vibration restraining transducer driving circuit mainly based on field-effect tubes is schemed out. Since the echo signal of the natural vibration restraining circuit is comparatively weak, the background noise canceler circuit and the pulse signal superposition circuit are designed to increase the sensitivity of the echo. The echo timing is accurately estimated by detecting the knee point of the output curve of the pulse signal superposition circuit. Experiments show that the method can effectively reduce the natural vibration, and that the blind zone is limited to about 16 cm. This research expands the engineering applications of ultrasonic ranging.

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  • 在线发布日期: 2015-05-30
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