The investigation on the damping performance of a squeeze film damper is performed experimentally under conditions of rub and misalignment, both of which are common faults in aero-engines. The rub and misalignment faults are stimulated on the test rig, on which the corresponding vibration is measured. The experiment shows that rub increases the first order backward whirl and first order whirl ratio of the vibration, and misalignment increases amplitude of the second harmonic frequency of the vibration. The squeeze film damper effectively attenuates the vibration of the turbine disk and the strain on the flexible support resulting from the rub fault, and fails in the compressor disk. With regard to the misalignment faults, the squeeze film damper suppresses the vibration, particularly the amplitude of the second harmonic frequency.