Combining the relevant theories of modal interval analysis with response surface, a new method of structural parameter identification with uncertainty, namely modal interval inverse response surface, was proposed. First, the interval variables were adopted to quantify the uncertainty of the model parameters. Then, through an experimental design to determine the design points, the mathematical model of responses and uncertain parameters was constructed based on the stepwise regression method, in which the responses of a structure were denoted as inputs and the design parameters as outputs. Finally, the modal interval analysis was applied to uncertainty parameter identification without the iterative optimization process. The feasibility and accuracy of the proposed method was verified using a set of plate modal tests. The results showed that the proposed method can improve calculation efficiency, accuracy, and the overall estimation of multivariable interval extension.