宏微直线压电电机微驱动机构设计与分析
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TN384; TH113.1

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国家自然科学基金资助项目(51177053);广东省教育厅科技创新重点资助项目(2012CXZD0016);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金资助项目(20124404110003);广州市科技计划资助项目(201510010227);广东省科技计划资助项目(2014A020208090)


Design and Analysis of a Macro-micro Linear Piezoelectric Motor Micro Driven Mechanism
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    摘要:

    为了解决宏微驱动直线压电电机微驱动位移较小、对宏动定位误差的补偿能力不足的问题,提出一种宏微驱动钹型直线压电电机。采用钹型复合压电叠堆为驱动单元替换压电陶瓷片组成的压电叠堆,实现轴向位移的一次放大,通过弹性拨齿的柔性铰链结构将钹型压电叠堆输出的微位移二次放大。该电机可在特定的驱动频率、工作电压和相位差下实现振子振动模态下的超声驱动,也可以通过微位移放大机构实现静态变形的微驱动(蠕动)。建立了该直线压电电机的三维有限元模型,利用有限元软件分别对弹性拨齿、钹型压电叠堆和复合振子进行静力学分析和静态优化设计。有限元仿真表明:基于柔性铰链结构的弹性拨齿经过优化后,最小刚度小于钹型压电叠堆的最小刚度;在相同条件下,优化后钹型压电叠堆沿轴向方向的静态变形量比由压电陶瓷片组成的压电叠堆的静态变形量提高了8.45倍;采用基于柔性铰链结构的弹性拨齿和钹型压电叠堆组成的复合振子的拨齿质点沿水平方向的静态位移量比优化前提高了12.1%,大幅提高了微驱动对宏动定位误差的补偿能力,为压电电机微驱动的结构设计及优化提供依据。

    Abstract:

    In order to solve the problem that the micro-driven deformation of the macro-micro dual-drive linear piezoelectric motor is small, we present a macro-micro dual-drive cymbal-type linear piezoelectric motor, which can realize the ultrasonic drive with the vibration mode under a specific driving frequency, operating voltage and phase difference, and generate the micro-driven deformation by the micro-displacement amplification mechanism. In this paper, the piezoelectric motor takes the cymbal piezoelectric stack as the driving source instead of the piezoelectric stack composed by the piezoelectric ceramics to magnify the axial displacement at the first time, and the flexible hinge structures as the micro-displacement amplification mechanism are designed to enlarge the micro deformation at the second time. Then, the three-dimensional finite element model of the linear piezoelectric motor is built to carry on the static analysis and static optimization by the finite element software to the elastomer, the cymbal piezoelectric stack and the composite vibrator respectively. The results of the finite element simulation show that, after optimization, the stiffness of the elastomer based on the flexible hinge structure is less than that of the cymbal piezoelectric stack, which meets the design requirement. Moreover, the static deformation along axial direction of the cymbal piezoelectric stack after optimization rises by 8.45 times, compared to that of the piezoelectric stack made up by the piezoelectric ceramics. At the same time, the static displacement along the horizontal direction of the mass point on the drive-foot of the motor after optimization constituted by the elastomer with the flexible hinge structures and the cymbal piezoelectric stacks increases by 12.1%, compared to the deformation of the motor before optimization. So it illustrates that the physical design for the motor in this paper is feasible in theory. Research results provide a reference for the physical design and optimization of the motor.

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  • 在线发布日期: 2017-09-03
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