大型焊接构架制造过程的变形测量与分析
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TP731;TP752;TP721.1

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(中国北车-密歇根大学焊接结构研发中心资助项目)


Deformation Measurement and Analysis for the Large Welding Frames in Manufacturing Processes
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    摘要:

    为了全面了解焊接和退火工艺对机车转向架构架制造过程变形的影响程度,提出了以试件的3D平均偏差、标准偏差和四角高差作为评价指标,用光学摄影测量系统对大型构架整体定位,用三维激光扫描仪对构架进行快速数据采集,用Geomagic-studio快速处理点云数据,以构架设计模型作为参考基准、用Geomagic-qualify进行焊接和退火工序变形的分析与评价的系统化方法。研究结果表明,三维激光扫描仪和Geomagic软件相结合的方法可以实现对大型结构件制造过程变形进行全方位的快速精确测量与分析,为该类产品制造质量的监控提供了新手段。数据分析表明,焊接工艺是影响构架变形的主要因素,而退火工艺对构架变形的3D平均偏差改善量小于0.58 mm。该结论为缩短退火时间、降低能耗与生产成本提供了科学依据。

    Abstract:

    In order to fully understand how effect of welding and annealing on deformation of frame, the systematic analysis and evaluation methods are proposed by taking 3D average deviation, 3D standard deviation and four corners of the height difference as the evaluation indexes, positioning the large frame as a whole with optical photogrammetric system, and quick acquitting data with laser scanner and processing point clouds data with Geomagic-studio software as well. Here design model is used as reference and a Geomagic-qualify software is used for deformation analysis and evaluation in welding and annealing processes. The research results show that the method above by combining 3D laser scanner with Geomagic can accurately and quickly measure and analyze the deformation of frame in production, which provides a new method for manufacturing quality monitoring. The error analysis indicates that the welding process is the main factor of frame deformation, and the contribution from annealing process is less than 0.58 mm in 3D average deviation. The research results provide a scientific basis to further save annealing time in frame manufacturing and lower the cost of production and energy down.

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  • 在线发布日期: 2018-03-02
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