Coal is an important fossil energy in today's society，and coal mine machinery is a key equipment for coal mine enterprises to realize mechanization. To meet security demand, its working state should be monitored carefully, which can produce an important economic value. Main faults of coal mine machinery equipment, their generation causes and types of faults manifestation formation are reviewed in this paper. The methods and characteristics of mechanical fault diagnosis are also summarized by judging whether the coal mine machinery needs to be stopped or the signal acquisition and fault diagnosis are real-time. The characteristics and practicability in coal mine of different wireless network transmission technologies and different micro energy technologies are also analyzed. Simultaneously, a kind of monitoring system is proposed to on-line automatically monitor and to diagnose the coal mine machinery equipment, based on the deficiency of current monitoring system of coal mine machinery. The self-power supply of information acquisition and transmission system for working state of coal mine machinery can be realized in this system in terms of micro energy technology. In addition, Zigbee and GPRS are combined to accomplish the signal transmission in this system. This system can develop the monitoring system in the future.