The interior noise at the coach end of a high-speed train running at 250 km/h in the low temperature environment (-30℃) is measured, and the effect of the temperature on the interior noise is analysed. By comparing the different seasons of summer and winter, the influences of different temperatures on the interior noise and vibration, bogie area vibration and their relationships are obtained. The technology of noise and vibration control in low temperature is studied in order to improve the noise performance of high-speed trains. The results show that: the abnormal interior noise at the coach end is caused by the excitation of sleeper passing frequency when the train is running at 250 km/h. In winter, the damping performance in bogie area decreases, so that the sleeper passing frequency is easier to transfer into the interior. Moreover, this structural vibration propagation further stimulated the acoustic modal of the cavity. Focus on the sound transfer paths and optimizing the connection between the interior floor and the exterior floor by using a metal damper to replace the original one, so that the abnormal interior noise at the coach end in low temperature can be effectively improved.