In order to explore the applicability of fiber bragg grating (FBG) sensing technology for testing sinking resistance of jacked pipe piles in clayey soil, jacked model pipe piles are tested in homogeneous clayey soil. Miniature FBG strain sensors with enhanced sensitivity and dual-diaphragm FBG soil pressure sensor are used for data acquisition. Pile tip resistance and pile shaft resistance are analyzed during pile penetration based on FBG sensing technology for strain data acquisition. By changing the pile diameters, pile length, open-ended and close-ended pile, the difference of the penetration process of jacked pipe piles is analyzed for comparison based on FBG sensing technology. The results indicate that the requirement of FBG technology for testing of sinking resistance of jacked pipe piles in clayey soil can be wonderful satisfied. The sinking characteristics of jacked pipe piles is accurately demonstrated. Variation process of pile tip resistance and pile shaft resistance with various pile diameters, pile length, open-ended and close-ended pile are clearly reflected. The conclusion has major reference value for model test of jacked pipe piles and engineering design.