Aiming at the abnormal operation of pipeline caused by unfavorable factors, anoperational monitoring method of pipeline based on Recurrence theory is proposed. First of all, the vibration sensor is used to extract the measured information of key parts of the pressure pipeline and fuse the data of different directionsat the same position to obtain a set of comprehensive data that reflect the overall dynamic characteristics of the structure. And then, embedding dimension(m) and time delay(τ), these two parameters of the phase space reconstruction, are selectedby using false nearest neighbor methodand mutual information method, respectively. Finally, the recurrence plot and recursive quantification indexes which represent the dynamic characteristics of pipeline are drawn and calculated. The method is applied to the operational monitoring of the second stageseventh pipeline of Jingtaichuan project, andit is verified by setting different operating conditions. The results show that the recurrence plots of the pipeline vibration signalspresentdifferent modes under the conditions of switching unit transient and stablely operating. The recursive quantification indexes and the determinism, the diagonal average length, the recurrence rate and the recurrence entropy also shows significant differences, whichcan effectively distinguish the pipeline vibration state. Therefore, the method provides a new idea for the non-destructive dynamic monitoring of pressure pipeline.