In order to study the collision of small and medium-sized drift ice on the water conveyance tunnel in the cold northwestern region， the geometric scale of the model test is selected as 1∶5 based on the method of experimental analysis and numerical simulation， and the finite element simulation is carried out through ANSYS/LS-DYNA software. The influence law of drift ice on the impact force of water conveyance tunnel lining under different working conditions is obtained. The results show that the relationship between the peak of the ice impact force and the speed of the ice presents an approximate linear trend， and the relationship between the peak of the ice impact force and the ice compression strength presents an approximate logarithmic function trend. At higher speed， the plastic effect of the ice is effective. The main effect is that the ice compression strength has a relatively insignificant effect on the impact force of the drift ice； the peak of the impact stress of the drift ice has an approximately linear relationship with the thickness of the drift ice. At the same time， the impact law of ice impact force obtained by numerical simulation and model test are basically consistent， which verifies the accuracy and rationality of the ice-concrete impact test device. Because the calculation method of the fluid-solid coupling in the numerical simulation considers the convection of the water medium to the ice impact， the water cushion effect is formed when the drift ice hits the lining of the water conveyance tunnel， which slightly reduces the impact force of the drift ice， and the model test does not consider the influence of the water medium on the drift ice. Therefore， the model test results under various working conditions are universal greater than the numerical simulation results.