In order to study the energy dissipation performance and output process of passive variable damping device （PVDD） and related to the design of multiple parameters， the performance test of different shape control valves and pre-pressure values of the device are carried out. The results show that the hole pattern has an influence on the maximum damping force and output process of the device， and the design output of the wide amplitude and multi-output process of the device can be realized after the combination of different damping hole shapes. The pre-pressure value has an influence on the variable damping starting conditions， and the device is shown as an ordinary viscous damper before starting， and the variable damping force output can be realized after starting. The PVDD and seismic isolation support are combined into a new seismic isolation system， and the numerical calculation and analysis of the structural control effect under different hole shapes and prepressure values were carried out for the nine-story Benchmark model. The results show that the new seismic isolation system has better damping effect. Different hole devices have different control effects on different earthquake forms. The initial pre-pressure shifts the velocity response control range backward as a whole， and the effective control range of the device is utilized to the maximum. The research results can provide reference and guidance for the design and application of PVDD.