The relative rotation slip problem of preloaded revolving body suffering vibration load has perplexed the engineering design fields for years. In order to study interlayer rotary slippage property in vibration environment, the pre-tightened cushion cylindrical structure is designed and constructed. Then the dynamic model of the system is established according to Hamilton principle. And the mechanism of the relative slippage is analyzed. After that, the experiments of the structure under vibration environment are carried out, and the phenomenon of the relative slippage is observed. The influence of various preloads, vibration levels, vibration frequencies and eccentric structure are presented. Experimental results of the system proved the correctness of the theoretical analysis. The research of this paper can reveal the relative motion mechanism of pre-tightened revolving body, and provide the guidance for the anti-rotary design for similar structure.